Build and Price a 2022 Cadillac Escalade, with your choice of trims, colours, and more. Book your test drive today. Edit Location L1H8P7 Switch Model View Saved Message UsGet instructions, news, and useful tips for your Cadillac vehicle and information on available support services such as OnStar and Connected Services.The 2023 Cadillac CT4 is built to garner attention from every angle. Experience the fun-to-drive sedan with the performance edge you've been craving. ... This link is provided to you for convenience and does not serve as an endorsement by General Motors of Canada of information or content that you may find on this site.Greet the day with a Cadillac-estimated over 300 miles of range with a full charge. With the available dual on-board charging package, LYRIQ will offer at-home Level 2 (AC) charge rates up to 19.2 kW, or up to 52 miles of range per charging hour—and DC fast charging for public charging rates of up to 190 kW, or up to 76 miles of range in just ...Bienvenue sur la page YouTube officielle de Cadillac Canada. Vous y trouverez plus de renseignements sur les véhicules iconiques de Cadillac.Aquí nos gustaría mostrarte una descripción, pero el sitio web que estás mirando no lo permite.Find Cadillac dealerships near you. Easily search dealer inventories, request a quote, schedule service online, find contact information and much more 2024 XT4. From: $44,830. As shown: $52,030. 2024 XT5. From: $51,530. As shown: $61,625. Experience the All-Electric, future forward, fresh view of the 2025 Cadillac OPTIQ - feel your momentum greater than ever and influence the energy all around you. Find Cadillac dealerships near you. Easily search dealer inventories, request a quote, schedule service online, find contact information and much more †General Motors of Canada Company (GM) is located at 500 Wentworth Steet W, Oshawa, ON, Canada L1J 0C5, 1-800-GM DRIVE, gm.ca, contact us, privacy policy. You may withdraw your consent for receiving marketing emails from GM, any time by contacting us. If you contact us to unsubscribe you will no longer receive marketing messages from us, but ... 2024 CadillacLYRIQ. 3.75. out of 5. MSRP $66,699 to $85,194. Add to Compare. Recommended from Editorial. First Look: 2024 Cadillac Celestiq. Ministry of Interior Affairs: 2023 Cadillac Lyriq. Each ...Introducing the all-electric 2026 VISTIQ, a 3-row SUV that moves as confidently as its driver. With available seating for up to seven passengers, VISTIQ is meticulously crafted and powered by innovation. RECEIVE FUTURE UPDATES. The refined side of bold meets the quiet side of luxury. Introducing the 2026 Cadillac VISTIQ, an all-electric AWD SUV ...Choose a 2021 Cadillac vehicle and learn more about their respective accessories on the official site. 2021 Accessories: Sedans, Crossovers & SUVs ... are leaving cadillaccanada.ca to visit a website that is operated independently and not maintained by General Motors of Canada and where the General Motors of Canada privacy policy … PREMIUM CARE MAINTENANCE. Compact and spirited, the new 2024 XT4 raises small SUV practicality to Cadillac luxury with serious comforts and serious technology. On the way to bigger and better things, this is the ride you take. Powerful yet agile, sporty yet capable—nothing else moves like XT4. Along the way, easily stay in touch with your world. Visit Surgenor Cadillac Ottawa for new, pre-owned and certified pre-owned Cadillac SUVs and sedans. Also check out our Certified Service and Special Offers. Visit …Includes Escalade Premium Luxury features, plus: Unique Platinum Galvano grille. 22" 10-Spoke Polished Alloy Wheels with Dark Android Finish and Laser Etching. Leather-wrapped interior trim including instrument cluster, console and upper door panels. 16-way front seats with massage function. AKG 36-speaker Studio Reference sound system.DETROIT — Cadillac Canada expects deliveries of the Lyriq electric midsize crossover to begin this fall. The Lyriq, Cadillac's first full-electric vehicle, has an U.S. EPA-estimated range of 312 miles — or 502 kilometres — comparable to the Ford Mustang Mach-E's 314-mile (505-kilometre) estimated range and 17 miles — or 27 kilometres – short of … †General Motors of Canada Company (GM) is located at 500 Wentworth Steet W, Oshawa, ON, Canada L1J 0C5, 1-800-GM DRIVE, gm.ca, contact us, privacy policy.You may withdraw your consent for receiving marketing emails from GM, any time by contacting us. HD Rear Vision Camera 12. Front Pedestrian Braking 12. Safety Alert Seat 12. See if you qualify for more savings. LEARN MORE. SEE ALL OFFERS. Discover exclusive lease offers, competitive finance deals, and cash incentives available for the 2024 XT6 mid-size luxury SUV, at a Cadillac dealer near you.Communicate with one of our specialists. CONTACT US. Learn how to customize navigation features such as route type, map configuration, navigation volume and more. suite of safety and driver assistance features. Heated front seats. PREMIUM LUXURY. From: $54,995 *. As shown: $55,620*. KEY FEATURES: 3.6L V6 engine. Exclusive 20" split 6-spoke alloy wheels with Polished Android finish. Cadillac user experience with navigation*. 24C43924. City: Vancouver. Dueck On Marine. 604-324-7222. Our 2024 Cadillac CT4 Sport AWD Sedan is tuned to turn heads in Black Raven! Motivated by a TurboCharged 2.0 Litre 4 Cylinder providing 237hp to a paddle-shifted 8 Speed Automatic transmission so you're well-prepared for enthusiastic performance. Find a Cadillac vehicle that meets your needs and fits your budget. Choose from numerous criteria, such as performance, convenience, and fuel economy. Find A Cadillac Vehicle Near Me | Cadillac Canada Dealership Service. You can rely on the Certified Service-trained technicians at your local Cadillac dealership. They bring technical skill with advanced diagnostics and connected technology to meet your service and maintenance needs.†General Motors of Canada Company (GM) is located at 500 Wentworth Steet W, Oshawa, ON, Canada L1J 0C5, 1-800-GM DRIVE, gm.ca, contact us, privacy policy.You may withdraw your consent for receiving marketing emails from GM, any time by contacting us.If you contact us to unsubscribe you will no longer receive marketing messages from us, …CMP Cadillac is a new and used Cadillac dealer in Calgary, AB. We have top-of-the-line luxury cars, trucks, and SUV's including the acclaimed Escalade ... T2A 6P9, Canada. Get Directions Contact Us Sales: 866-984-1556 Parts: 877-927-7295 Service: 888-714-7235 Email Us. Hours Of Operation Sales Service Parts Dealership hours of operation; Mon ...Explore Cadillac's lineup of luxury cars, SUVs and crossovers, including electric models. Find current offers, locate a dealer, book a test drive and learn about …Communicate with one of our specialists. CONTACT US. Learn how to customize navigation features such as route type, map configuration, navigation volume and more.Cadillac is an American luxury car manufacturer that was founded in 1902. As of 2021, there are approximately 44 Cadillac dealerships in Canada. During 2022, Cadillac Canada sold 2,264 new units, a 38% decrease from the previous year, and a 45% decrease from 2020. In 2020, Cadillac Canada sold 3,683 new units, a 13% decrease from 2019. With available All-Wheel Drive, LYRIQ has dual motors for power to all four wheels—so you can enjoy more confidence during inclement weather. And with added power, you get the added capability of trailering. 24. Ultium Battery Propulsion system at 102 kWh Battery Rated Energy. Up to 494 km GM-estimated range 1 with a full charge. CADILLAC SMART SYSTEM 20. V-SERIES MODELS SHOWN. From its innovative technology to its elegant performance, every element of the 2024 CT4 is designed to help you rediscover the thrill of driving. Impressively agile and powerfully nimble, it'll make any corners feel like straightaways. VIEW INVENTORY. The 2024 Cadillac XT5 is the crossover designed to elevate everyday driving. Enter an atmosphere of elegance and amenity. It's interior is loaded with advanced features to help keep you safe and connected while its exterior is chiseled and striking. The XT5 is the versatile crossover that suits drivers to a tee. VIEW INVENTORY. 2024 XT4. From: $44,830. As shown: $52,030. 2024 XT5. From: $51,530. As shown: $61,625. Experience the All-Electric, future forward, fresh view of the 2025 Cadillac OPTIQ - feel your momentum greater than ever and influence the energy all around you.The Cadillac Smart System suite of safety and driver assistance features is standard on your XT4 luxury small SUV. From emergency braking to intelligent alerts, parking assistance to vehicle monitoring, you’ll drive with added confidence.Explore the electric vehicle lineup, the innovative technology and the community vision of General Motors Canada. Find out how Cadillac and other brands are … Find a Cadillac vehicle that meets your needs and fits your budget. Choose from numerous criteria, such as performance, convenience, and fuel economy. Find A Cadillac Vehicle Near Me | Cadillac Canada Find Cadillac dealerships near you. Easily search dealer inventories, request a quote, schedule service online, find contact information and much moreMyers Cadillac is your automotive expert in Ottawa, ON. From sales to service, we are the ones you can trust to get you rolling again sooner! English (Canada) English (Canada) Français du Canada Facebook Instagram Youtube. Sales: (613) 225-2277. Email Us 1200 Baseline Road, Ottawa, ON, K2C 0A6, Canada 8:00AM / 5:00PM. Friday. 8:00AM / 5:00PM. Saturday. Closed. Sunday. Closed. At Le Relais Cadillac, check out our new and used Cadillac vehicles today. We are your number one dealership for Cadillac service in Montreal as well. Introducing the all-electric 2025 Cadillac OPTIQ SUV equipped with generous interior cargo space, sleek exterior, and intelligent technology features.Build and Price a 2023 Cadillac CT5-V Sedan, with your choice of trims, colours, and more. Book your test drive today. The Cadillac LYRIQ is the first in our lineup of all-electric Cadillac vehicles. Finally, an EV as iconic as you. Cadillac is headed toward a zero-emission, all-electric future. Make the move to a simpler, smarter life that offers all the advantages of driving a Cadillac. Find a Cadillac vehicle that meets your needs and fits your budget. Choose from numerous criteria, such as performance, convenience, and fuel economy.†General Motors of Canada Company (GM) is located at 500 Wentworth Steet W, Oshawa, ON, Canada L1J 0C5, 1-800-GM DRIVE, gm.ca, contact us, privacy policy.You may withdraw your consent for receiving marketing emails from GM, any time by contacting us.If you contact us to unsubscribe you will no longer receive marketing messages from us, …Explore Cadillac's lineup of luxury cars, SUVs and crossovers, including electric models. Find current offers, locate a dealer, book a test drive and learn about …Emphasizing the role of Canadian talent, the head of Cadillac Canada sets out vision for electrification and autonomy. 4 minute read. Shane Peever (L), managing director of Cadillac Canada, and Nino Di Cara, founder of Electric Autonomy Canada, discuss the all-electric Cadillac LYRIQ. Published on 06 October 2021. Author.1-800-GM-DRIVE (463-7483)(TTY users, 1-800-263-3830) Browse the discounts available to recent grads, mobility impaired, Canadian Forces, and new Canadians through Cadillac's Special Offers.Premium Care Maintenance: ++Cadillac Premium Care Maintenance Program provides eligible customers who have purchased, leased or financed in Canada a new eligible Cadillac with a GM dexos1™ oil and oil filter change, and tire rotations (limit of up to eight (8) in total) in accordance with the oil life monitoring system and your vehicle’s Owner’s …CADILLAC SMART SYSTEM 20. V-SERIES MODELS SHOWN. From its innovative technology to its elegant performance, every element of the 2024 CT4 is designed to help you rediscover the thrill of driving. Impressively agile and powerfully nimble, it'll make any corners feel like straightaways. VIEW INVENTORY.Welcome to the official Cadillac Canada YouTube page. Here's where you'll find content about Cadillac’s iconic vehicles.Bienvenue sur la page YouTube officie...2024 XT4. From: $44,830. As shown: $52,030. 2024 XT5. From: $51,530. As shown: $61,625. Experience the All-Electric, future forward, fresh view of the 2025 Cadillac OPTIQ - feel your momentum greater than ever and influence the energy all around you.Cadillac's bold and innovative range of luxury vehicles appeal to those who dare to drive the world forward. Build your own Cadillac vehicle online today.Build and Price a 2023 Cadillac XT4 Crossover, with your choice of trims, colours, and more. Book your test drive today.2024 Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing. 2024 Cadillac Celestiq. 2024 Cadillac Escalade. 2024 Cadillac Escalade ESV. 2024 Cadillac Escalade-V. 2024 Cadillac Lyriq. …The 2024 Cadillac XT5 is the crossover designed to elevate everyday driving. Enter an atmosphere of elegance and amenity. It's interior is loaded with advanced features to help keep you safe and connected while its exterior is chiseled and striking. The XT5 is the versatile crossover that suits drivers to a tee. VIEW INVENTORY.Greet the day with a Cadillac-estimated over 300 miles of range with a full charge. With the available dual on-board charging package, LYRIQ will offer at-home Level 2 (AC) charge rates up to 19.2 kW, or up to 52 miles of range per charging hour—and DC fast charging for public charging rates of up to 190 kW, or up to 76 miles of range in just ...PROGRAM. Designed to help people with disabilities access the resources they need and get a reimbursement of up to $1,000 ‡ towards the cost of adapting an eligible Cadillac vehicle. FOR MORE INFORMATION. Come in and visit us, or contact: GM CANADA MOBILITY ASSISTANCE CENTRE. 1-800-GM-DRIVE (463-7483) (TTY users, 1-800 … Is your Cadillac vehicle affected by a recall? Check the recall status of your vehicle by entering your VIN on the Cadillac Canada Recall Centre website. You can also find out how to get your vehicle repaired, and what safety and warranty benefits you are entitled to. Build and Price a 2023 Cadillac Escalade ESV, with your choice of trims, colours, and more. Book your test drive today.Steele Cadillac | Cadillac Dealership in Dartmouth. Sales: 1-902-701-3391. Service and Parts: 1-902-701-9884. 636 Portland St, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 3Z5. Service Appointment. Go to Main Content Go to Footer.Cadillac Apache II Long Sleeve by Greyson. $120.00. Cadillac Scarlett Long Sleeve Ladies Polo by Greyson. $120.00. Cadillac Sequoia Ladies Full Zip by Greyson. $205.00. Cadillac Yukon X Lite Vest by Greyson. $235.00. Cadillac Blackwing Women's Birch Tee.AKG® 2 brings pure studio sound to your Cadillac. LYRIQ features the Cadillac-exclusive AKG® Studio 19-speaker sound system. It provides sound that’s precise and clear from distortion. All speakers are placed for sound optimization—including speakers in the front head restraints— ensuring all passengers have an immersive audio experience.Introducing the all-electric 2025 Cadillac OPTIQ SUV equipped with generous interior cargo space, sleek exterior, and intelligent technology features.8:00AM / 5:00PM. Friday. 8:00AM / 5:00PM. Saturday. Closed. Sunday. Closed. At Barry Cullen Cadillac Ltd, check out our new and used Cadillac vehicles today. We are your number one dealership for Cadillac service in Guelph as well.Welcome to the official Cadillac Canada YouTube page. Here's where you'll find content about Cadillac’s iconic vehicles.Bienvenue sur la page YouTube officie... Cadillac Brochures: Digital Experience & PDF You are currently viewing Cadillac.com. Close this window to stay here or choose another country to see vehicles and services specific to your location. Canada Other The 2024 Cadillac CT5 sedan is already an icon. Expressively styled and boldly designed on the outside, intuitively crafted with premium materials inside, and powered by a 2.0 L turbocharged engine paired with a 10-speed automatic transmission, the CT5 delivers on all fronts. Meet the epitome of comfort and performance. CMP Cadillac is a new and used Cadillac dealer in Calgary, AB. We have top-of-the-line luxury cars, trucks, and SUV's including the acclaimed Escalade ... T2A 6P9, Canada. Get Directions Contact Us Sales: 866-984-1556 Parts: 877-927-7295 Service: 888-714-7235 Email Us. Hours Of Operation Sales Service Parts Dealership hours of operation; Mon ...The 2023 Cadillac CT4 is built to garner attention from every angle. Experience the fun-to-drive sedan with the performance edge you've been craving. ... This link is provided to you for convenience and does not serve as an endorsement by General Motors of Canada of information or content that you may find on this site.Cadillac's bold and innovative range of luxury vehicles appeal to those who dare to drive the world forward. Build your own Cadillac vehicle online today.Build and Price a 2023 Cadillac CT5-V Sedan, with your choice of trims, colours, and more. Book your test drive today. Find cadillac in Classic Cars in Canada. Visit Kijiji Classifieds to buy, sell, or trade almost anything! Find new and used items, cars, real estate, jobs, services, vacation rentals and more virtually in Canada. 2024 XT4. From: $44,830. As shown: $52,030. 2024 XT5. From: $51,530. As shown: $61,625. Experience the All-Electric, future forward, fresh view of the 2025 Cadillac OPTIQ - feel your momentum greater than ever and influence the energy all around you. 1. Select MAKE A PAYMENT from the My Account dashboard. 2. Choose from the payment selections that pop up. You can select bank account or debit card. 3. Complete the form and check the box to acknowledge payment terms and conditions. 4. Review payment details and select MAKE PAYMENT to finalize.Get instructions, news, and useful tips for your Cadillac vehicle and information on available support services such as OnStar and Connected Services.1. Select MAKE A PAYMENT from the My Account dashboard. 2. Choose from the payment selections that pop up. You can select bank account or debit card. 3. Complete the form and check the box to acknowledge payment terms and conditions. 4. Review payment details and select MAKE PAYMENT to finalize.The 2024 Cadillac CT5 sedan is already an icon. Expressively styled and boldly designed on the outside, intuitively crafted with premium materials inside, and powered by a 2.0 L turbocharged engine paired with a 10-speed automatic transmission, the CT5 delivers on all fronts. Meet the epitome of comfort and performance. KEY FEATURES: Exclusive 18" alloy wheels, fascia and bodyside dark accents, and dark finish roof rails. Sport front grille and Sport rear taillamps. Exclusive steering wheel, foot pedals, and authentic carbon fibre décor. SPECS. MSRP 62,099.00. Get Invoice Price. About Cadillac Canada. Cadillac is a luxury brand under General Motors, one of the largest North American automakers. It was established in 1902 by Henry Leland and is considered one of the oldest North American automakers. The company is known for its luxury, performance, and innovative …Build and Price a 2023 Cadillac CT5-V Sedan, with your choice of trims, colours, and more. Book your test drive today.At Wheaton Cadillac we offer a great selection of new and pre-owned Cadillac vehicles for sale in Saskatoon, SK. ... SK, S7K 6P4, Canada. Sales: (888) 691-4315 Find Our Location Contact Us. Visit Our Location 2102 Millar Avenue, Saskatoon, SK, S7K 6P4, Canada. Get Directions Contact Us Sales: (888) 691-4315 Email Us. Hours Of OperationBuild and Price a 2024 Cadillac XT6, with your choice of trims, colours, and more. Book your test drive today.Every Cadillac luxury sedan, crossover, and SUV model comes with industry-leading technology, safety, and comfort features with next-generation high-performance. … Locate a Dealer. City. Postal Code. Dealer Name. or. Use my current location. Looking for a new Cadillac sedan, or SUV? Locate a dealership near you to find the vehicle that's right for you. The refreshed 2025 Cadillac CT5 features enhancements in style, technology and safety that champion ingenuity and enterprise like never before. 2025 CT5. NEWLY ... This link is provided to you for convenience and does not serve as an endorsement by General Motors of Canada of information or content that you may find on this site.Cadillac is an American luxury car manufacturer that was founded in 1902. As of 2021, there are approximately 44 Cadillac dealerships in Canada. During 2022, Cadillac Canada sold 2,264 new units, a 38% decrease from the previous year, and a 45% decrease from 2020. In 2020, Cadillac Canada sold 3,683 new units, a 13% decrease from 2019. Premium Care Maintenance: ++Cadillac Premium Care Maintenance Program provides eligible customers who have purchased, leased or financed in Canada a new eligible Cadillac with a GM dexos1™ oil and oil filter change, and tire rotations (limit of up to eight (8) in total) in accordance with the oil life monitoring system and your vehicle’s ... Dealership Service. You can rely on the Certified Service-trained technicians at your local Cadillac dealership. They bring technical skill with advanced diagnostics and connected technology to meet your service and maintenance needs.HD Rear Vision Camera 12. Front Pedestrian Braking 12. Safety Alert Seat 12. See if you qualify for more savings. LEARN MORE. SEE ALL OFFERS. Discover exclusive lease offers, competitive finance deals, and cash incentives available for the 2024 XT6 mid-size luxury SUV, at a Cadillac dealer near you.Looking for a new Cadillac sedan, or SUV? Locate a dealership near you to find the vehicle that's right for you. ... are leaving cadillaccanada.ca to visit a website that is operated independently and not maintained by General Motors of Canada and where the General Motors of Canada privacy policy does not apply.
24C43924. City: Vancouver. Dueck On Marine. 604-324-7222. Our 2024 Cadillac CT4 Sport AWD Sedan is tuned to turn heads in Black Raven! Motivated by a TurboCharged 2.0 Litre 4 Cylinder providing 237hp to a paddle-shifted 8 Speed Automatic transmission so you're well-prepared for enthusiastic performance.. Vista germantown
2023 ESCALADE. As shown: $133,821 †. Starting at: $112,491 †. Sophisticated, spacious—and safety obsessed, the 2023 Cadillac XT6 offers innovations designed to help protect yourself and instill confidence on every drive.Discover a better buying experience with Cadillac Certified Pre-Owned, with thousands of vehicles in stock you will always find what you want.May 18, 2022 7:37PM. Orders for the Cadillac’s all-electric Lyriq will open in Canada this Thursday, with prices now confirmed to start from $69,898. The 2023 luxury crossover became Cadillac’s first all-electric production model, and only the second General Motors product to boast the EV-dedicated Ultium Platform, upon its reveal in August ... Cadillac Brochures: Digital Experience & PDF You are currently viewing Cadillac.com. Close this window to stay here or choose another country to see vehicles and services specific to your location. Canada Other The latest Super Cruise enhancement increases the compatible highways for hands free driving - you can access 352,000 km of divided and compatible highways in Canada and US in Cadillac XT6 and CT6 and more than 640,000 km of compatible highways for other select Super Cruise capable Cadillac vehicles. The Super Cruise driver assistance ...The refreshed 2025 Cadillac CT5 features enhancements in style, technology and safety that champion ingenuity and enterprise like never before. 2025 CT5. NEWLY ... This link is provided to you for convenience and does not serve as an endorsement by General Motors of Canada of information or content that you may find on this site.Explore the bold and innovative range of luxury vehicles from Cadillac, including sedans, SUVs, and electric models. Build your own Cadillac online and discover the features and performance that set it apart from the rest. Cadillac - dare to drive the world forward. †General Motors of Canada Company (GM) is located at 500 Wentworth Steet W, Oshawa, ON, Canada L1J 0C5, 1-800-GM DRIVE, gm.ca, contact us, privacy policy. You may withdraw your consent for receiving marketing emails from GM, any time by contacting us. If you contact us to unsubscribe you will no longer receive marketing messages from us, but ... Welcome to Falls Cadillac, one of the premier Cadillac dealerships in Canada. At Falls Cadillac, we pride ourselves on offering our clients a wide range of services as well as a complete inventory of new Cadillac models and pre-owned vehicles.. That said, what really sets us apart is our dedication to customer service and exceeding our clients’ expectations.The latest Super Cruise enhancement increases the compatible highways for hands free driving - you can access 352,000 km of divided and compatible highways in Canada and US in Cadillac XT6 and CT6 and more than 640,000 km of compatible highways for other select Super Cruise capable Cadillac vehicles. The Super Cruise driver assistance ... ELIGIBLE COSTCO MEMBERS CAN RECEIVE $750 COSTCOMEMBER-ONLY BONUS† ON MOST 2024 CT5 MODELS. The 2024 Cadillac CT5 is dripping in athleticism - an expressively styled American luxury sedan. This compact powerhouse takes performance to the next level. The account panel will appear. 2. Select Manage Vehicles. 3. Find the vehicle you want to remove and select Remove Vehicle. 4. The system will ask you for a reason. Choose a reason and select Remove. Note: If you remove the only vehicle in My Account, you will be prompted to add one the next time you sign in.Looking for a new Cadillac sedan, or SUV? Locate a dealership near you to find the vehicle that's right for you. ... are leaving cadillaccanada.ca to visit a website that is operated independently and not maintained by General Motors of Canada and where the General Motors of Canada privacy policy does not apply.Find Cadillac dealerships near you. Easily search dealer inventories, request a quote, schedule service online, find contact information and much moreWelcome to the official Cadillac Canada YouTube page. Here's where you'll find content about Cadillac’s iconic vehicles.Bienvenue sur la page YouTube officie...Communicate with one of our specialists. CONTACT US. Learn how to customize navigation features such as route type, map configuration, navigation volume and more..